Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yog hais txog kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Cov hauv qab no yog cov qauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm ntau yam khoom siv:
Resistors: Resistor txwv qhov ntws ntawm tam sim no los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Nws lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ua haujlwm yog siv cov khoom siv los tiv thaiv qhov ntws ntawm tam sim no los ntawm kev sib tsoo thiab thim rov qab ntawm electrons. Lub resistor yog txiav txim los ntawm lub resistivity ntawm nws cov khoom conductive.
Capacitor: Lub capacitor khw muag khoom them los ntawm qhov hluav taws xob ntawm ob daim hlau conductive thiab dielectric. Thaum lub capacitor yog powered on, cov electrons ntawm qhov zoo electrode accumulates, thaum lub negative electrode tsis muaj electrons, tsim ib qho hluav taws xob teb. Tom qab disconnecting lub hwj chim mov, lub capacitor tseem tuaj yeem tswj nws cov nqi thiab tso tawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Lub peev xwm ntawm lub capacitor yog txiav txim siab los ntawm nws lub peev xwm khaws cia, feem ntau ntsuas hauv Farads.
Inductor: Inductors khaws thiab tso tawm lub zog sib nqus los ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm coil tam sim no thiab magnetic teb. Thaum tam sim no dhau los ntawm lub kauj, ib qho chaw magnetic generated; Thaum qhov kev hloov pauv tam sim no, lub teb sib nqus kuj hloov raws li. Thaum qhov tam sim no raug txiav, qhov inertia ntawm lub magnetic teb ua rau induced tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub kauj, tswj lub zog tshuav nyiaj li cas. Chav tsev ntawm inductor yog Henry.
Diode: Ib lub diode siv PN kev sib tshuam cov yam ntxwv hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los tswj cov dej ntws tam sim no. Tam sim no tuaj yeem ntws mus rau pem hauv ntej voltage, tab sis nws raug thaiv nyob rau hauv qhov rov qab voltage. Diodes feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv rectification circuits thiab teeb liab modulation los hloov alternating tam sim no rau hauv ncaj qha tam sim no.
Transistor: Ib lub transistor hloov lub collector emitter tam sim no los ntawm kev tswj lub hauv paus tam sim no, ua tiav cov teeb liab amplification lossis hloov tswj. Transistors tau muab faib ua NPN thiab PNP hom, feem ntau siv hauv amplifiers thiab hloov circuits.
Integrated Circuit: Integrated circuits integrate ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob (xws li transistors, resistors, capacitors, thiab lwm yam) mus rau ib qho semiconductor nti, ua tiav kev sib koom ua ke siab thiab miniaturization. Integrated circuits yog siv dav hauv computers, khoom siv sib txuas lus, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob.
